At least 24 killed in Cairo clashes

Throughout the day, young activists demanding the military hand over power to a civilian government skirmished with black-clad police, hurling stones and firebombs and throwing back the tear gas canisters being fired by police into the square, which was the epicentre of the protest movement that ousted President Hosni Mubarak.

 

The night before saw an escalation of the fighting as police launched a heavy assault that tried and failed to clear protesters from the square. In a show of the ferocity of the assault, the death toll quadrupled from Sunday evening until Monday morning. A constant stream of injured protesters — bloodied from rubber bullets or overcome by gas — were brought into makeshift clinics set out on sidewalks around the square where volunteer doctors scrambled from patient to patient.

 

The eruption of violence, which began on Saturday, reflects the frustration and confusion that has mired Egypt's revolution since Mubarak fell in February and the military stepped in to take power.

 

It comes only a week before Egypt is to begin the first post-Mubarak parliamentary elections, which many have hoped would be a significant landmark in a transition to democracy.

 

Instead, the vote has been overshadowed by mounting anger at the ruling Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, which will continue to hold power as head of state even after the vote. Activists accuse the generals of acting increasingly in the same autocratic way as Mubarak's regime and fear that they will dominate the coming government just as they have the current interim one they appointed months ago.

 

The military says it will only hand over power after presidential elections, which it has vaguely said will be held in late 2012 or early 2013. The protesters are demanding an immediate move to civilian rule.

 

"What does it mean, transfer power in 2013? It means simply that he wants to hold on to his seat," said a young protester, Mohammed Sayyed, referring to the head of the Supreme Council, Field Marshall Hussein Tantawi.

 

Sayyed held two rocks, ready to throw, as he took cover from tear gas in a sidestreet off Tahrir. His head was bandaged from what he said was a rubber bullet that hit him earlier on Monday.

 

"I will keep coming back until they kill me," he said. "The people are frustrated. Nothing changed for the better."

 

An Egyptian morgue official said the toll had climbed to 24 dead since the violence began on Saturday — a jump from the toll of five dead around nightfall Sunday. Hundreds have been injured, according to doctors in the square.

 

At the makeshift field clinics around Tahrir Square, medical volunteers rushed between injured protesters staggering in, or being carried in by comrades. Most of the clinics were simply a partitioned-off sections of sidewalk.

 

Mohammed Mustafa, a doctor at the main clinic set up inside a nearby mosque, said his site alone was treating an average of 80 cases per hour and that many of the wounded did not want to be taken to hospital because they feared arrest. He and other doctors said most of the injured had breathing and eye problems and wounds to face from rubber bullets. A number of protesters have lost eyes from hits to the face since Saturday.

 

During the overnight assault, police hit one of the field clinics with heavy barrages of tear gas, forcing the staff to flee, struggling to carry out the wounded. Some were moved to a nearby sidewalk outside a Hardees fast food restaurant. A video posted on social networking sites showed a soldier dragging the motionless body of a protester along the street and leaving him in a garbage-strewn section of Tahrir.

 

One of the most prominent democracy proponents in the country, Nobel Peace laureate Mohamed ElBaradei, called on the civilian government to resign and for a national unity government to be formed "grouping all the factions so it can begin to solve the problems of Egyptians."

 

"Power is now in the hands of the military council, which is not qualified to run the country, and the government, which has no authority," he said on a TV political talk show late Sunday. For the next six months, "we want see the powers of the military council given completely to a civilian, national unity government, and the military goes back to just defending the borders."

 

The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces issued a statement on Sunday night, saying it does not intend to "extend the transitional period and will not permit by any means hindering the process of democratic transition."

 

The military-backed Cabinet said the elections due to start on November 28 will go ahead as scheduled.

 

Activists have been holding occasional protests against the military in Tahrir for months, and some have seen crackdowns by the military or police.

 

But this weekend's violence was the most sustained fighting between the two sides. It began when security forces stormed a sit-in at Tahrir staged by several hundred protesters wounded in clashes during the 18-day uprising in January and February and frustrated by the slow pace of bringing those responsible to justice.

 

"The people had a revolution to live a better life, but look at everything," said 47-year-old Fayez Mohammed, his eyes red from tear gas. He pointed to rising prices, street violence and lack of accountability against members of Mubarak's regime.

 

"Our main demand is a date. When are you leaving power?" he said. "And don't say, 'Whenever God wills.'"